One of most popular world news is that isolated tribe was spotted in Brazil according to BBC news.
The story and its pictures really struck me.
On one hand, some people analyze international relations. On the other hand, some people have never contacted any other ethnic groups.
I want to know how international relations theory can comprehend international relations in the world.
5/31/2008
5/29/2008
Common heritage of mankind
As you know, the seas cover 70% of the surface of the earth. The international issue on the seas is that how much each nation can be allowed to make them own territory. Therefore, it is the source of conflicts in all over the world. Can you believe people are able to distribute the seas among nations equally? I hardly believe the fact! However, human beings have history that they had tried to decide which seas go to which countries.
Arvid Pardo is known as 'father of the low of the sea conference.' Also, he is famous Maltese diplomat who proposed the idea of 'common heritage of mankind' in the seas.
Although human beings are self-interested and do cruel fights seeking for their benefits, they are able to avoid fights thanks to those who work for mutual interests and peaceful world.
Arvid Pardo is known as 'father of the low of the sea conference.' Also, he is famous Maltese diplomat who proposed the idea of 'common heritage of mankind' in the seas.
Although human beings are self-interested and do cruel fights seeking for their benefits, they are able to avoid fights thanks to those who work for mutual interests and peaceful world.
5/28/2008
The Fourteen Points
The Fourteen Points is the speech that the 48th president of the United States, Woodrow Wilson, addressed at a joint session of the United States congress on January 8, 1918.
His speech is made up of his idealistic perspective for establishing the world in which peace, justice, and fair dealing are assured.
I summarize the fourteen points Wilson delivered.
1. Open diplomacy
There should be no closed and secret diplomacy among nations. Diplomacy need to be
open and frankly proceeded.
2. Freedom of the seas
There should freedom of navigation on the seas outside territorial waters.
3. Removal of economic barriers
The world should establish an equality of trade conditions.
4. Reduction of armaments
Weapons or such kind of military things need to be reduces to the lowest points.
5. Adjustment of colonial claims
All colonial opinions should be regarded as the same value as governing nations.
His speech is made up of his idealistic perspective for establishing the world in which peace, justice, and fair dealing are assured.
I summarize the fourteen points Wilson delivered.
1. Open diplomacy
There should be no closed and secret diplomacy among nations. Diplomacy need to be
open and frankly proceeded.
2. Freedom of the seas
There should freedom of navigation on the seas outside territorial waters.
3. Removal of economic barriers
The world should establish an equality of trade conditions.
4. Reduction of armaments
Weapons or such kind of military things need to be reduces to the lowest points.
5. Adjustment of colonial claims
All colonial opinions should be regarded as the same value as governing nations.
5/27/2008
Chapter2: History
My textbook contains Woodrow Wilson 'The Fourteen Points', George F. Kennan 'X', Francis Fukuyama 'The End of History?', and George W. Bush 'The National Security Strategy of The United States of America' in chapter2 History.
First, let me write about Woodrow Wilson's speech 'The Fourteen points.'
Woodrow Wilson, the 28th president of the United States, delivered the fourteen points speech in 1918. This speech tells us Wilson's view of world politics in the future based on idealism. He hoped the World War Ⅰwould come to an end by proclaiming the speech.
Second, George F. Kennan's 'X' is the article which appeared in 1947 Foreign Affairs. Soon after the article was published, it became the U.S foreign policy toward the Soviet Union. George F. Kennan was an American adviser, diplomat, political scientist, and historian. He is well-known as a father of containment. The article 'X' was a historical document as to the Cold War.
First, let me write about Woodrow Wilson's speech 'The Fourteen points.'
Woodrow Wilson, the 28th president of the United States, delivered the fourteen points speech in 1918. This speech tells us Wilson's view of world politics in the future based on idealism. He hoped the World War Ⅰwould come to an end by proclaiming the speech.
Second, George F. Kennan's 'X' is the article which appeared in 1947 Foreign Affairs. Soon after the article was published, it became the U.S foreign policy toward the Soviet Union. George F. Kennan was an American adviser, diplomat, political scientist, and historian. He is well-known as a father of containment. The article 'X' was a historical document as to the Cold War.
5/26/2008
Mellian Dialogue - Realism vs. Liberalism
Sorry for the short introduction to core ideas of international relations on the previous blog...
Today I want to answer the question Humi asked me at our presentation meeting one week ago.
Humi asked a question on realism and liberalism. It was 'Were there any occasion that realim and libelarism crushed each other before?'
I found the answer for her question.
Yes, there was a historic crush between two theories back in the Ancient Greece.
Thucydides recorded its event in his masterpiece, 'History of the Peloponnesian War.'
There is BookⅤ:Melian Dialogue in the book. Dialogue between Melos and Athenian shows us a classic example of the clash of liberal and realist ideas.
In the first place, Peloponnesian War occured because Delian League led by Athne and Peloponessian League feared the other's hegemony in the Ancient Greece and tried to enhance their power over other city-states. As a result, Peloponessian League won against Delian League.
However, there were some city-states which remained neutural in the struggle between Sparta and Athnes. One of its city-states is Melos. It had been a neutral city-state for 700 years. Suddenly the Athenian sent envoys to Melos for the pourpose of negotiating Melos' surrender.
For Melos, it cannot accept Athenian's offer because Melos insisted that the idea of neutrality and independence should be respected. Also, Melos asserted that no nations have a right to attack others.
Athene that has the idea of realism told to Melos, 'The strong do what they can and the weak suffer what they want.' This suggests Athene was in the side of realism. Athne wanted Melos to become its colony not just because Athene hoped to expand its territory but also Athene wanted to improve its image and seculity by doing that.
Now we can see that the crush between realism and liberalism already happened long long ago.
Today I want to answer the question Humi asked me at our presentation meeting one week ago.
Humi asked a question on realism and liberalism. It was 'Were there any occasion that realim and libelarism crushed each other before?'
I found the answer for her question.
Yes, there was a historic crush between two theories back in the Ancient Greece.
Thucydides recorded its event in his masterpiece, 'History of the Peloponnesian War.'
There is BookⅤ:Melian Dialogue in the book. Dialogue between Melos and Athenian shows us a classic example of the clash of liberal and realist ideas.
In the first place, Peloponnesian War occured because Delian League led by Athne and Peloponessian League feared the other's hegemony in the Ancient Greece and tried to enhance their power over other city-states. As a result, Peloponessian League won against Delian League.
However, there were some city-states which remained neutural in the struggle between Sparta and Athnes. One of its city-states is Melos. It had been a neutral city-state for 700 years. Suddenly the Athenian sent envoys to Melos for the pourpose of negotiating Melos' surrender.
For Melos, it cannot accept Athenian's offer because Melos insisted that the idea of neutrality and independence should be respected. Also, Melos asserted that no nations have a right to attack others.
Athene that has the idea of realism told to Melos, 'The strong do what they can and the weak suffer what they want.' This suggests Athene was in the side of realism. Athne wanted Melos to become its colony not just because Athene hoped to expand its territory but also Athene wanted to improve its image and seculity by doing that.
Now we can see that the crush between realism and liberalism already happened long long ago.
5/24/2008
Core ideas about international relations
Today I spent the early evening reading a textbook for my course at the UW.
The title of the book is 'Essential Readings in World Politics' edited by Karen A. Mingst and Jack L. Snyder. Today I read the first chapter of the book which introduces core ideas about international relations. The first chapter includes Thucydides 'Melian Dialogue', Immanuel Kant 'To Perpetual Peace', and V.I.Lenin 'From Imperialism, The Highest Stage of Capitalism.'
The title of the book is 'Essential Readings in World Politics' edited by Karen A. Mingst and Jack L. Snyder. Today I read the first chapter of the book which introduces core ideas about international relations. The first chapter includes Thucydides 'Melian Dialogue', Immanuel Kant 'To Perpetual Peace', and V.I.Lenin 'From Imperialism, The Highest Stage of Capitalism.'
5/23/2008
Nazi Party - Realism
Today I am introducing you to a good example of the representative of realism.
It is Nazi Party, a political party in Germany between 1919 and 1945. Adolf Hitler is notorious for his dictatorship in its party. What he did during his administration applies to the theory of realism.
First, he extended the territory of German to Poland, Czech Republic, and the Soviet Union for providing the surplus population in Germany with the enough space to live.
Second, he was a extreme racist on Jewish, homosexuality, and disabled people because Hitler believed that he should segregate such kind of people in order to let noble German thrive for eternity. He also took it for granted that superior nations can usurp other countries' lands or natural resources.
The core belief of realism is that self-interested states compete for power and security. Nazi party and Adolf Hitler is the very organization and people that survived under the principle of realism.
It is Nazi Party, a political party in Germany between 1919 and 1945. Adolf Hitler is notorious for his dictatorship in its party. What he did during his administration applies to the theory of realism.
First, he extended the territory of German to Poland, Czech Republic, and the Soviet Union for providing the surplus population in Germany with the enough space to live.
Second, he was a extreme racist on Jewish, homosexuality, and disabled people because Hitler believed that he should segregate such kind of people in order to let noble German thrive for eternity. He also took it for granted that superior nations can usurp other countries' lands or natural resources.
The core belief of realism is that self-interested states compete for power and security. Nazi party and Adolf Hitler is the very organization and people that survived under the principle of realism.
5/16/2008
NPT?
Do you know what NPT stands for? And what does it mean?
Today I read the first chapter of '国際機構の政治学.'
It is because a teacher in a political class assigned reading it and writing book review by June 10.
I have to hurry up -_-;
By the way, NPT stands for 'Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.'
Although I had not paid much attention to NPT or IAEA, I think I need to understand them or nuclear weapons proliferation problems.
NPT is a treaty to prevent the use of nuclear weapons or materials. Now 190 parties have joined the Treaty according to United Nations web page.(http://disarmament.un.org/wmd/npt/index.html)
The United States, the United Kingdom, France, Russia, and China have declared that they have nuclear weapons. In contrary, four countries such as India, Israel, Pakistan, and North Korea do not sign in.
What I have learned by reading the book is that nuclear weapons are very effective to maintain international relations although it is a massively destructive weapons in the world. Thanks to its terrifying destructive power, each country are afraind of conducting nuclear attack. In short, some nations have nuclear weapons to protect themselves and ro gain power in international community. That is why nuclear problem are included in in international relations.
Today I read the first chapter of '国際機構の政治学.'
It is because a teacher in a political class assigned reading it and writing book review by June 10.
I have to hurry up -_-;
By the way, NPT stands for 'Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.'
Although I had not paid much attention to NPT or IAEA, I think I need to understand them or nuclear weapons proliferation problems.
NPT is a treaty to prevent the use of nuclear weapons or materials. Now 190 parties have joined the Treaty according to United Nations web page.(http://disarmament.un.org/wmd/npt/index.html)
The United States, the United Kingdom, France, Russia, and China have declared that they have nuclear weapons. In contrary, four countries such as India, Israel, Pakistan, and North Korea do not sign in.
What I have learned by reading the book is that nuclear weapons are very effective to maintain international relations although it is a massively destructive weapons in the world. Thanks to its terrifying destructive power, each country are afraind of conducting nuclear attack. In short, some nations have nuclear weapons to protect themselves and ro gain power in international community. That is why nuclear problem are included in in international relations.
5/13/2008
Liberalism
Next international relations theory I want to write down here is liberalism.
It analyzes world politics in the opposite way to realism. Although realism views the world pessimistically, liberalism does it optimistically. The essential concept of liberalism is that it regards each nation as the existence which does not fight with other nations, and thus which seeks for establishing a community for the cause of peace. This concept is the representative of Hugo Grotius' theory. He laid the foundations for international law. That is why Glotius is called 'Father of international law.'
I will add much information later^^
It analyzes world politics in the opposite way to realism. Although realism views the world pessimistically, liberalism does it optimistically. The essential concept of liberalism is that it regards each nation as the existence which does not fight with other nations, and thus which seeks for establishing a community for the cause of peace. This concept is the representative of Hugo Grotius' theory. He laid the foundations for international law. That is why Glotius is called 'Father of international law.'
I will add much information later^^
5/12/2008
Political Realism
According to the class description on the website of the UW, it says that the students should know the basis of international relations. This is the reason why I am writing one of international relations theories, political realism, on today's blog.
Political realism is one of international relations theories, and its origin dates back to Thucydides' 'History of the Peloponnesian War' followed by Niccolo Machiavelli's 'The Price' and Tomas Hobbes' 'Leviathan.' Based on the theory of realism, states are to seek for self-interest, military and economic power, and security. In other words, political realists consider nations' object to have a relationship with other nations as maximizing their interests and power.
Political realism is one of international relations theories, and its origin dates back to Thucydides' 'History of the Peloponnesian War' followed by Niccolo Machiavelli's 'The Price' and Tomas Hobbes' 'Leviathan.' Based on the theory of realism, states are to seek for self-interest, military and economic power, and security. In other words, political realists consider nations' object to have a relationship with other nations as maximizing their interests and power.
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