Marxism is the third theory for me to learn in the course. Marxism mainly explains inequality in the world. For example, it can explain questions like 'why are there rich and poor people and states?' and 'how do we explain the poverty in the third world countries?.' The students in the class guessed that corruption, raw material export, capitalism, colonialism, ethnic conflicts, HIV/AIDS, and the system of world economy might be raised to explain the above questions.
First, let me show you the overview of Marxism in international relatioins.
●Classes drive politics
●Marckets are inherently exploitative, and produce class conflicts
●The state and its foreign policies reflect elite interests
●The expansion of marckets leads to colonialism
- International system is not anarchical but hierachical
- International conflicts are found in global economic competition
●Post-WWⅡprovides new forms of neo-colonialism
Marx believed in capitalist societies that classes determined by the mode of production are devided into the Bourgeosie and the Proletariat. The Bourgeosis has its land and capital to product. In contrary, the Proletariat has nothing but its labor to make ends meet. Thus, the Bourgeosis exploits the Proletariat, which creat a hierarchical society. Applying this Marxism to international system, Marxism in international relations considers that world can be divided between 'Core' and 'Periphery' states. In this system, it is believed that 'Core' states such as the U.S, the Europian countries, and Japan expoit 'Perophery' states such as the African countries, the Asian countries, and the Latin America countries. 'Core' states export manufactured goods to which high value added to 'Periphery' states which exports cheap raw materials and labor to which low value added. Between two sides, there exists uneven terms of trade which yields inequality in the world.
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